History of civilization, Greece

First, geographical conditions.

 

The civilization of Greece from the ancient civilizations of the world most famous and show their prowess
Greek in many areas and we now review the profiles of the nobility and originality of this civilization.
And the first note we clarify the circumstances of this civilization are geographically and how this site has served this civilization are located between the Aegean Sea, where separated from the east from Asia Minor and the Adriatic and Ionian where Evsalanha from the west of Italy and Sicily, and Greece has the southern part of peninsula Macedonia and the Balkans north and south of the peninsula Albulubniz.
And tend to Greece 65% of the rocky nature of the mountains and rocks, and has been a poor country agriculturally.
In the year 1100 BC. M appeared strange phenomenon of geography led to change its political system and is a hot <plain areas around the mountains>
Which led to that communication has become very difficult cities become isolated, making the country independent of each other. And what is worth mentioning that all the Greek city-winding <ports normally be> making all of their relationships freely unlike Rome was a few ports and land relations.
Greece covers an area of ​​131 thousand square kilometers and is characterized by Mediterranean climate.
As for the Greek race came mostly from the Mediterranean race, and its center-west coast of the Mediterranean race of any Commissioner.
And the Greek language is the language of Alakhien who entered the Balkan peninsula after 2000 BC. M and settled in Greece and is the language that belongs to the Indo-European language group.
Second, the economic conditions.
Move on talking about that now about the economic situation of that civilization, ancient; was limited in the plains around the mountains and were not a high fertility and did not meet the needs of the country, which was reflected in large interest in foreign trade and of the most important crops, their land and they lived on what produce, olives, vineyards and which is still known for them and did not grow enough of the wheat and preferred salt for wheat and wheat have become import free and this was the reason for their occupation of Egypt, where were exported to Rome a third of the wheat; also famous for wine and oil
Olive, who became a symbol of peace because he does not put his cards only after 20 years.
As for the development of industry was not the best state of agriculture has occupied the second place and that the lack of many minerals help to thrive and can be identified in Gnahabalrkham helping in the development of construction and silt and to making ceramics also famous for mining silver and copper, which participated in the development of metal crafts and industry, who contributed to the elimination of barter and after the application was made are now producing for the market.
And in turn said the difficulty of communication between cities was one of the most trade problems the Greek, where the road was difficult and narrow, and so became the maritime transport better as it was to find a deal that satisfies all parties of the difficulties which stood before the trade, but testifies to Athina preferred to earn the trust of Petty and become the dominant currency is the Athenian almost there.
Came ingenuity of the Greeks in trade Twartha of their ancestors the Phoenicians, and help them on that site> Mediterranean> and all the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea has led to the discovery of the currency in 750 BC. M in the region of Lydia, and had been at first an alloy of gold, silver and was the state seal and then took the form of metal and was often on the face of a decree by the currency symbol to the king or an important occasion and the back of year of issue.
As for the scale of currency exchange was a mixture of gold and silver metal and the percentage of "1 to 13" and was the base currency drachma.
Third: political development.


And a transition to talk about the era of the early history of that civilization begins with Greece since the end of the Neolithic Age in 3000 BC. M and until it is finished in 1100 BC.. Then followed by the emergence of city-state and extends until the late sixth century BC. M, where the classical era begins.

* * Political development

Passed the civilization of Greece political developments crystallized form of this civilization was the first system of its political system is the Royal, where he was the first political system defined by humans depends on where the divine right to rule and this is the right of the king's authority and the Authority adopted initially on the agricultural economy, and initiated show industry and other functions, which led to the emergence of classes and population groups.
Like him and like any political system where Mstvadin has gathered about the aristocracy and the ruling class with landowners and merchants and craftsmen, which led to the emergence of conflict in society and a tense relationship between these classes.
Industry and the emergence and spread of factories and found public class free will and now have ambitions to change the system of government for their benefit and wants to access the three layers of government <aristocratic \ merchants \ Workers>; and workers took refuge here
Solon and the writer wanted to put conflict resolution to resolve the political system linking political rights revolution, where the more power Iirohzadt the class from the political point, but the failure of this system has collapsed and is alive and Solon used the standard measure of wealth.
After the collapse of this system appeared a lot of problems between these layers, and finally arrived to the agreement between them and the so-called system of minority rule <Alaolegerky>;